Dushubije amaso inyuma mu myaka icumi ishize, inganda nshya z’ingufu z’ingufu ku isi zagize impinduka nini zitigeze zibaho mu bijyanye n’imiterere y’isoko, ibyo abaguzi bakunda, inzira z’ikoranabuhanga, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga amasoko. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, kugurisha imodoka nshya zitwara abagenzi ku isi byiyongereye ku gipimo cy’ubwiyongere buri mwaka kiri hejuru ya 60% mu myaka ine ishize. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2024, Ubushinwa bushya bw’imodoka n’igurisha ry’ingufu zingana na miliyoni 4.929 na miliyoni 4.944, byiyongereyeho 30.1% na 32% umwaka ushize. Byongeye kandi, umugabane w’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu wageze kuri 35.2%, ugaragaza akamaro k’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu ku isoko rusange ry’imodoka.

Imodoka nshya zingufu zahindutse ibihe, ntabwo zitera gusa kuzamuka kwihuse kwabakora imodoka nshya, ahubwo binakurura abakinyi bashya batanga isoko kugirango binjire kumasoko. Muri byo, ibinyabiziga bya aluminiyumu, bateri zikomeye, hamwe n’imirenge yigenga yigenga byagaragaye ko bizwi cyane. Muri iki gihe aho kwihutisha ishingwa ry’ingufu nshya zitanga umusaruro n’insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru, urwego rwohereza ibicuruzwa rwandika igice gishya kigamije iterambere ryihuse ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu ku isi.

Igipimo cyo kwinjira mu binyabiziga bishya byingufu kigenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi n’inganda zikora imodoka zagiye zikora buhoro buhoro.

Inganda z’imodoka ziratera imbere byihuse bigana amashanyarazi, ubwenge, n’ibidukikije, ibyo bikaba bimaze kumvikana ku isi hose mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no guteza imbere ubukungu buke bwa karubone. Tugendeye ku muyaga wa politiki, ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byahindutse inzira idasubirwaho, kandi guhindura no kuzamura inganda byihuse. Isoko rishya ry’imodoka zikoresha ingufu mu Bushinwa ryabaye Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, imyaka myinshi yo kwegeranya inganda no gutunganya isoko, amasosiyete yo mu gihugu yagaragaye nka CATL, Shuanglin Stock, Duoli Technology, na Suzhou Lilaizhi Manufacturing, ni inganda nziza zateye intambwe ishimishije na kuguma hasi no kwibanda kuri logique yubucuruzi nimbaraga zuzuye zurwego rwinganda. Bagerageje guharanira inganda no kongerera urumuri imodoka nshya.

Muri byo, CATL, nk'umuyobozi w'inganda muri bateri y’amashanyarazi, iza ku mwanya wa mbere mu migabane y’isoko ry’isi n’Ubushinwa, ifite inyungu igaragara. BMS (sisitemu yo gucunga bateri) + PACK yubucuruzi yemewe na CATL yabaye icyitegererezo cyubucuruzi bwinganda ziyobora inganda. Kugeza ubu, isoko rya BMS ryo mu gihugu ryibanze cyane, hamwe n’abacuruzi benshi bo mu gice cya gatatu, kandi OEMs n’abakora batiri bihutisha imiterere. Biteganijwe ko CATL izahagarara mumarushanwa mumarushanwa azaza kandi igafata umugabane munini ku isoko ukurikije inyungu zayo zo hambere.

Mu gice cy’imodoka, Shuanglin Stock, nkumushinga washinzwe, yatangiye guteza imbere urwego rwicyicaro cyarwo mu 2000, kandi iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryageze ku buringanire n’abakinnyi mpuzamahanga mu bipimo byinshi byerekana imikorere. Icyicaro cyacyo, moteri yo kunyerera kurwego, hamwe na moteri yinyuma ya burundu yamaze kwakira ibicuruzwa byabakiriya bireba, kandi biteganijwe ko imikorere yayo izakomeza gusohoka nkuko inganda zimodoka zaguka.

Gushiraho kashe yimodoka no gukata ibice nibyingenzi byingenzi mubikorwa rusange byo gukora ibinyabiziga. Nyuma yimyaka yo gukaraba inganda, imiterere yapiganwa yagiye ihinduka buhoro buhoro. Ikoranabuhanga rya Duoli, nkimwe mubintu byinshi byujuje ubuziranenge byimodoka zashyizweho kashe, bifite ubushobozi bukomeye mugushushanya no kwiteza imbere, kubyara ibicuruzwa, kandi birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byiterambere bya OEM mubyiciro bitandukanye. Mu myaka yashize, Ikoranabuhanga rya Duoli ryungukiye ku ruzinduko rw’imodoka haba ku masoko yo mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga, kandi inzira ya “kashe ya kashe + yerekana kashe” yamamaye cyane Ibicuruzwa byayo bikata ibyuma na aluminiyumu bingana na 85.67% by’amafaranga yinjira mu bucuruzi bwa mbere kimwe cya kabiri cya 2023, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kuzamuka mubucuruzi bwayo bifitanye isano rya bugufi niterambere ryiterambere rya aluminium. Mu 2022, isosiyete yaguze kandi igurisha toni zigera ku 50.000 za aluminium ku mibiri y’imodoka, bingana na 15.20% by’ibinyabiziga byo mu Bushinwa byoherejwe na aluminium. Umugabane wacyo ku isoko uteganijwe kwiyongera gahoro gahoro hamwe nuburyo rusange bwo kuremerera, ingufu nshya, nibindi.

Muri rusange, inyuma yubwiyongere bwihuse bwikigereranyo cyibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, ibyifuzo byisoko kubatanga ibinyabiziga bifite ubuziranenge bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kwaguka. Muri icyo gihe kandi, mu gihe ubwenge no koroshya ibintu biba inzira nyamukuru y’iterambere ry’abakora amamodoka, inganda z’imodoka z’abashinwa ziteganijwe gukoresha inyungu z’ibiciro, ubushobozi bw’inganda zateye imbere, igisubizo cyihuse, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa R&D kugira ngo turusheho kuzamura isoko ry’isi ku Bushinwa. ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu.